前面几个例子学习了从DataBase里面读数据,下面我们学习将数据插入到数据库中,可以向页中添加简单的输入窗体,并在窗体提交事件处理程序中执行插入命令。与前两个示例一样,使用命令对象的 Parameters 集合填充命令的值。注意,在试图插入到数据库中之前,还要检查以确保所需的值非空。这将防止与数据库的字段约束意外冲突。还需在 try/catch 块的内部执行插入命令,以防插入行的主键已经存在。
先看aspx文件: <body MS_POSITIONING="GridLayout"> <form runat="server" ID="Form1"> <h3><font face="宋体">插入具有验证的数据行</font></h3> <table width="95%"> <tr> <td valign="top"> <ASP:DataGrid id="MyDataGrid" runat="server" Width="700" BackColor="#ccccff" BorderColor="black" ShowFooter="false" CellPadding="3" CellSpacing="0" Font-Name="宋体" Font-Size="8pt" HeaderStyle-BackColor="#aaaadd" EnableViewState="false" /> </td> <td valign="top"> <table style="FONT: 9pt 宋体"> <tr> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#aaaadd" style="FONT:10.5pt 宋体">添加新作者:</td> </tr> <tr> <td nowrap>作者 ID:</td> <td> <input type="text" id="au_id" value="000-00-0000" runat="server" NAME="au_id"> <asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="au_idReqVal" ControlToValidate="au_id" Display="Static" Font-Name="Verdana" Font-Size="12" runat="server"> *</asp:RequiredFieldValidator> </td> </tr> <tr> <td nowrap>姓氏:</td> <td> <input type="text" id="au_lname" value="Doe" runat="server" NAME="au_lname"> <asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="au_lnameReqVal" ControlToValidate="au_lname" Display="Static" Font-Name="Verdana" Font-Size="12" runat="server"> *</asp:RequiredFieldValidator> </td> </tr> <tr> <td nowrap>名字:</td> <td> <input type="text" id="au_fname" value="John" runat="server" NAME="au_fname"> <asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="au_fnameReqVal" ControlToValidate="au_fname" Display="Static" Font-Name="Verdana" Font-Size="12" runat="server"> *</asp:RequiredFieldValidator> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>电话:</td> <td><nobr> <input type="text" id="phone" value="808 555-5555" runat="server" NAME="phone"> <asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="phoneReqVal" ControlToValidate="phone" Display="Static" Font-Name="Verdana" Font-Size="12" runat="server"> *</asp:RequiredFieldValidator></nobr> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>地址:</td> <td><input type="text" id="address" value="One Microsoft Way" runat="server" NAME="address"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>城市:</td> <td><input type="text" id="city" value="Redmond" runat="server" NAME="city"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>州:</td> <td> <select id="state" runat="server" NAME="state"> <option selected>CA</option> <option>IN</option> <option>KS</option> <option>MD</option> <option>MI</option> <option>OR</option> <option>TN</option> <option>UT</option> </select> </td> </tr> <tr> <td nowrap>邮政编码:</td> <td><input type="text" id="zip" value="98005" runat="server" NAME="zip"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>协定:</td> <td> <select id="contract" runat="server" NAME="contract"> <option value="0" selected>假</option> <option value="1">真</option> </select> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td style="PADDING-TOP:15px"> <input type="submit" value="添加作者" runat="server" ID="Submit1" NAME="Submit1"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="PADDING-TOP:15px" align="middle"> <span id="Message" EnableViewState="false" runat="server"> <asp:RegularExpressionValidator id="RegularExpressionValidator1" ASPClass="RegularExpressionValidator" ControlToValidate="zip" ValidationExpression="[0-9]{5}" Display="Dynamic" Font-Name="Arial" Font-Size="11" runat="server">* 邮政编码必须是 5 位数字<br></asp:RegularExpressionValidator> <asp:RegularExpressionValidator id="phoneRegexVal" ControlToValidate="phone" ValidationExpression="[0-9]{3} [0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4}" Display="Dynamic" Font-Name="Arial" Font-Size="11" runat="server">* 电话号码格式必须为:XXX XXX-XXXX <br></asp:RegularExpressionValidator> <asp:RegularExpressionValidator id="au_idRegexVal" ControlToValidate="au_id" ValidationExpression="[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{4}" Display="Dynamic" Font-Name="Arial" Font-Size="11" runat="server">* 作者 ID 必须是数字:XXX-XX-XXXX <br></asp:RegularExpressionValidator></span> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </form> </body>
aspx.cs文件 using System; using System.Collections; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Web; using System.Web.SessionState; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Data.SqlClient;
namespace study { /// <summary> /// datagrid_5 的摘要说明。 /// </summary> public class datagrid_5 : System.Web.UI.Page { protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.DataGrid MyDataGrid; protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.RequiredFieldValidator au_idReqVal; protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.RequiredFieldValidator au_lnameReqVal; protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.RequiredFieldValidator au_fnameReqVal; protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.RequiredFieldValidator phoneReqVal; protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.RegularExpressionValidator RegularExpressionValidator1; protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.RegularExpressionValidator phoneRegexVal; protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.RegularExpressionValidator au_idRegexVal; protected System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlInputText au_id; protected System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlInputText au_lname; protected System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlInputText au_fname; protected System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlInputText phone; protected System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlInputText address; protected System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlInputText city; protected System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlSelect state; protected System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlInputText zip; protected System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlSelect contract; protected System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlInputButton Submit1; protected System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlGenericControl Message; SqlConnection myConnection; private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { myConnection = new SqlConnection("user id=sa;password=;initial catalog=pubs;data source=jeff");
if (!IsPostBack) BindGrid(); }
#region Web Form Designer generated code override protected void OnInit(EventArgs e) { // // CODEGEN:该调用是 ASP.NET Web 窗体设计器所必需的。 // InitializeComponent(); base.OnInit(e); } /// <summary> /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改 /// 此方法的内容。 /// </summary> private void InitializeComponent() { this.Submit1.ServerClick += new System.EventHandler(this.Submit1_ServerClick); this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Page_Load);
} #endregion
private void Submit1_ServerClick(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { Message.InnerHtml = "";
if (Page.IsValid) {
String insertCmd = "insert into Authors (au_id, au_lname, au_fname, phone, address, city, state, zip, contract) values (@Id, @LName, @FName, @Phone, @Address, @City, @State, @Zip, @Contract)";
SqlCommand myCommand = new SqlCommand(insertCmd, myConnection);
myCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@Id", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 11)); myCommand.Parameters["@Id"].Value = au_id.Value;
myCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@LName", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 40)); myCommand.Parameters["@LName"].Value = au_lname.Value;
myCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@FName", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 20)); myCommand.Parameters["@FName"].Value = au_fname.Value;
myCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@Phone", SqlDbType.NChar, 12)); myCommand.Parameters["@Phone"].Value = phone.Value;
myCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@Address", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 40)); myCommand.Parameters["@Address"].Value = address.Value;
myCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@City", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 20)); myCommand.Parameters["@City"].Value = city.Value;
myCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@State", SqlDbType.NChar, 2)); myCommand.Parameters["@State"].Value = state.Value;
myCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@Zip", SqlDbType.NChar, 5)); myCommand.Parameters["@Zip"].Value = zip.Value;
myCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@Contract", SqlDbType.NVarChar,1)); myCommand.Parameters["@Contract"].Value = contract.Value;
myCommand.Connection.Open();
try { myCommand.ExecuteNonQuery(); Message.InnerHtml = "<b>已添加记录</b><br>" + insertCmd + "<p>"; } catch (SqlException ex) { if (ex.Number == 2627) Message.InnerHtml = "错误:已存在具有相同主键的记录<p>"; else Message.InnerHtml = "错误:未能添加记录,请确保正确填写了字段<p>"; Message.Style["color"] = "red"; }
myCommand.Connection.Close(); }
BindGrid(); }
public void BindGrid() { SqlDataAdapter myCommand = new SqlDataAdapter("select * from Authors", myConnection);
DataSet ds = new DataSet(); myCommand.Fill(ds, "Authors");
MyDataGrid.DataSource=ds.Tables["Authors"].DefaultView; MyDataGrid.DataBind(); } } }
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